Purport

This Shloka summarises the defining characteristics of Brahman described in the preceding verses, from Shlokas 13 to 18.

Brahman is one of the two primordial principles, or fundamental elements, from which all other elements originate. The other is Maya. Brahman creates life in the universe, which is collectively referred to as Purusha, while Maya creates all material things, collectively referred to as Prakriti. This chapter describes the nature of Brahman, Purusha, Maya, and Prakriti, and is therefore titled “Purusha and Prakriti.”

Bhagwan Shri Krishna summarises the characteristics of Brahman by drawing a parallel with light. Just as light spreads in all directions, carrying energy over vast distances and sustaining life on Earth, Brahman originates from Bhagwan Shri Krishna and spreads throughout the universe in all directions.

However, the nature of Brahman extends far beyond that of physical light. This is why Brahman is described in this Shloka as the “Light of Lights.” Brahman exists both inside and outside all objects in the universe. It sustains the lives of all living beings and their life cycles, and records every action performed by them. Although understanding the complete nature and characteristics of Brahman is extremely difficult, we can gain an insight into its fundamental nature by understanding the properties of light.

The nature of Brahman goes far beyond the limitations of light. Brahman is always present in life and is also the ultimate goal. More importantly, Brahman encompasses both knowledge and the object of knowledge.

The entire existence of life is rooted in Brahman. Life originates from Brahman, remains established in Brahman at all times, and ultimately dissolves into Brahman. In the context of life, Brahman is everything.

Shri Hari Om Tat Sat